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Important:The information in this document is deprecated in Xcode 9. For Xcode 9 and later, see Simulator Help by choosing Help > Simulator Help in Simulator.

Simulator app, available within Xcode, presents the iPhone, iPad, or Apple Watch user interface in a window on your Mac computer. You interact with Simulator by using the keyboard and the mouse to emulate taps, device rotation, and other user actions.

The chapter presents the basics of using Simulator. You can perform these steps using your own iOS app or, if you do not have an app to use, with the HelloWorld sample code. For more detailed information on interacting with Simulator and using it to test and debug your apps, refer to the later chapters in this guide.

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Access Simulator from Xcode

There are two different ways to access Simulator through Xcode. The first way is to run your app in Simulator, and the second way is to launch Simulator without running an app.

Running Your iOS App

When testing an app in Simulator, it is easiest to launch and run your app in Simulator directly from your Xcode project. To run your app in Simulator, choose an iOS simulator—for example, iPhone 6 Plus, iPad Air, or iPhone 6 + Apple Watch - 38mm—from the Xcode scheme pop-up menu, and click Run. Xcode builds your project and then launches the most recent version of your app running in Simulator on your Mac screen, as shown in Figure 1-1.

Note: If you are testing an app with a deployment target of iPad, you can test only on a simulated iPad. If you are testing an app with a deployment target of iPhone or universal, you can test on either a simulated iPhone or a simulated iPad.

Running Your watchOS App

To run your WatckKit app, choose a combination of an iOS device and watchOS device from the Xcode scheme pop-up menu. For example, to run the watch app in a 38mm watch paired with an iPhone 6, choose 'iPhone 6 + Apple Watch - 38mm' from the scheme pop-up menu.

Running the WatchKit target launches two simulators, one for the iOS device and one for the watchOS device. Figure 1-2 shows an iPhone 6 and a 42mm watch running in two different simulators.

Running Your tvOS App

To run your tvOS App, choose a tvOS device from the Xcode scheme pop-up menu. Running the tvOS target launches the most recent version of your app in a simulated new Apple TV device, as shown in Figure 1-3.

Launching Simulator Without Running an App

At times, you may want to launch Simulator without running an app. This approach is helpful if you want to test how your app launches from the Home screen of a device or if you want to test a web app in Safari on a simulated iOS device.

To launch a Simulator without running an app

Launch Xcode.
Do one of the following:
- Choose Xcode > Open Developer Tool > Simulator.
- Control-click the Xcode icon in the Dock, and from the shortcut menu, choose Open Developer Tool > Simulator.

To launch a watchOS Simulator without running an app

Launch Xcode.
Do one of the following:
- Choose Xcode > Open Developer Tool > Simulator (watchOS).
- Control-click the Xcode icon in the Dock, and from the shortcut menu, choose Open Developer Tool > Simulator (watchOS).

Simulator opens and displays the Home screen of whichever simulated device was last used.

View the Installed Apps

From the Home screen, you have access to all of the apps that are installed in the simulation environment. There are two ways to access the Home screen in Simulator from your app:

Press Command-Shift-H.
Choose Hardware > Home.

Use the installed apps to test your app’s interaction with them. For example, if you are testing a game, you can use Simulator to ensure that the game is using Game Center correctly.

iOS Device Home Screen

Much like the Home screen on an iOS device, the simulator’s iOS Home screen has multiple pages. After clicking the Home button (or accessing the Home screen through the Hardware menu), you arrive at the second page of the Home screen. To get to the first page, where all of the preinstalled apps are found, swipe to the first Home screen by dragging to the right on the simulator screen.

On the Home screen, you see that all of the apps that have been preloaded into Simulator. See iOS Device Home Screen.

The apps that you see on the Home screen are specific to the iOS device simulation environment. Because Passbook and the Health app are available only for the iPhone, these apps don’t appear if you are simulating a legacy device or an unsupported device type.

watchOS Device Home Screen

The Home screen for a simulated watchOS device behaves the same as it would on an actual device. You can click and drag to simulate the finger dragging around the screen and launch an app by clicking on it. Figure 1-4 shows the home screen of a 42mm watch with a developer app, the Lister sample code.

Use Safari to Test Web Apps

From the Home screen, you can access Safari within Simulator. Use Safari to test your iOS web apps directly on your Mac.

From the Home screen, click Safari.
In the address field in Safari, type the URL of your web app and press the Return key.

If your Mac is connected to the Internet, it displays the mobile version of the URL you specified. For example, type apple.com into the address field and press Return. Safari displays the Apple website. See Figure 1-6.

Use Maps to Simulate Location Awareness

Simulator provides tools to assist you in debugging your apps. One of the many features you can debug in Simulator is location awareness within your app. Set a location by choosing Debug > Location > location of choice. The menu has items to simulate a static location or following a route.

A simulated watchOS device with the location set to None checks the paired iPhone device for the location.

You can specify your own location, which can be seen in the Maps app.

From the Home screen, click Maps.
Choose Debug > Location > Custom Location.
In the window that appears, type the number 40.75 in the latitude field and the number -73.75 in the longitude field.
Click OK.
Click the Current Location button in the bottom-left corner of the simulated device screen.

After completing this task, notice that the blue dot representing your location is in New York, NY, near the Long Island Expressway, as shown in Figure 1-7.

Change the Simulated Device and OS Version

Simulator provides the ability to simulate many different combinations of device type and OS version. A device type is a model of iPhone, iPad, or Apple TV. Some iPhone devices can also have a paired Apple Watch. Each device-OS combination has its own simulation environment with its own settings and apps. Simulator provides simulators for common device-iOS, device-watchOS-iOS device, and device-tvOS combinations. You can also add simulators for a specific combination you want to test. However, not all device type and OS version combinations are available.

Note: To test apps for the iPad mini, use a simulated iPad with the same pixel resolution as the iPad mini.

You can switch between different device-OS combinations. Switching closes the window for the existing device and then opens a new window with the selected device. The existing device goes through a normal OS shutdown sequence, though the timeout might be longer than the one on a real device. The new device goes through a normal OS startup sequence.

To change the simulated device

Choose a Hardware > Device > device of choice.
Simulator closes the active device window and opens a new window with the selected device.

If the device type and OS version combination you want to use is not in the Device submenu, create a simulator for it.

To add a simulator

Choose Hardware > Device > Manage Devices.
Xcode opens the Devices window.
At the bottom of the left column, click the Add button (+).
In the dialog that appears, enter a name in the Simulator Name text field and choose the device from the Device Type pop-up menu.
Choose the OS version from the iOS Version pop-up menu.
Alternatively, if the iOS version you want to use isn’t in the iOS Version pop-up menu, choose “Download more simulators” and follow the steps to download a simulator.
Click Create.

If the OS version you want to use is not installed, download it and follow the steps to add a simulator again.

To download a simulator

In Xcode, choose Xcode > Preferences.
In the Preferences window, click Downloads.
In Components, find the legacy simulator version you want to add, and click the Install button.

You can also delete and rename simulators in the Devices window.

To delete a simulator

In Simulator, choose Hardware > Device > Manage Devices, or in Xcode, choose Window > Devices.
Xcode opens the Devices window.
In the left column, select the simulator.
At the bottom of the left column, click the Action button (the gear next to the Add button).
Choose Delete from the Action menu.
In the dialog that appears, click Delete.

To rename a simulator, choose Rename from the Action menu and enter a new name.

For how to manage real devices that appear in the Devices window, read Devices Window Help.

Alter the Settings of the Simulated Device

You can alter the settings within Simulator to help test your app.

On a simulated device, use the Settings app. To open the Settings app, go to the Home screen and click or on tvOS, choose Settings. In Figure 1-8 you see the Settings app as it appears when launched in the iOS simulation environment.

The Simulator settings differ from the settings found on a hardware device. Simulator is designed for testing your apps, whereas a hardware device is designed for use. Because Simulator is designed for testing apps, its settings are naturally focused on testing, too. For example, in a simulated iOS device the Accessibility menu provides the ability to turn on the Accessibility Inspector, and the Accessibility menu on a device allows you to turn on and off different accessibility features.

Through the settings, you can test both accessibility and localization of your app. See Testing and Debugging in iOS Simulator for information on how to manipulate your settings for the various types of testing you are interested in.

Remember: Changes made in the Settings app of simulated device affect only the simulation environment that is currently running.

Rotate iOS Devices

You can use Simulator to manipulate the simulated device much as you do a physical device.

To rotate your simulated device, choose Hardware > Rotate Left. When you rotate your simulated device, Settings rotates (see Figure 1-9), just as it would on a hardware device.

Test in Simulator and on a Device

Simulator is designed to assist you in designing, rapidly prototyping, and testing your app, but it should never serve as your sole platform for testing. One reason is that not all apps are available in the simulator. For example, the Camera app is available only on hardware devices and cannot be replicated in the simulator.

In addition, not all bugs and performance problems can be caught through testing in Simulator alone. You’ll learn more about performance differences in Testing and Debugging in iOS Simulator. You can also find more information on testing your app on a device in Launching Your App on Devices in App Distribution Guide.

Quit Simulator

Simulator continues running until you quit it. Quitting Xcode will not close Simulator because they are separate applications. Similarly quitting simulator will not close Xcode.

To quit Simulator, choose Simulator > Quit Simulator. The device is shut down, terminating any running apps.

Note: Both Simulator and watchOS Simulator can be open at the same time.

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The Spinning Beach Ball of Death

The spinning wait cursor or spinning disc pointer — where your mouse pointer becomes the rotating color wheel or 'spinning beach ball' seen above — generally indicates that your Mac® is engaged in a processor-intensive activity. For example, applying a Gaussian blur to an image in Adobe® Photoshop® is a processor-intensive activity.

In most cases, the 'beach ball' disappears within several seconds. However, there are cases when the 'beach ball' spins protractedly, a condition colloquially known as 'The Spinning Beach Ball of Death' (SBBOD).

This FAQ — derived from a corresponding chapter in our Troubleshooting Mac OS X e-book— discusses solving common SBBOD problems, both generally and in Web browsers. The following topics are addressed:

The SBBOD defined.
Troubleshooting SBBOD problems.
Resolving common SBBOD problems:
- The SBBOD appears frequently during your work.
- The SBBOD appears temporarily, but frequently in most applications.
- The SBBOD appears when accessing a hard disk or optical drive.
- The SBBOD appears continuously in one application.
- The SBBOD appears continuously in all applications.
- The SBBOD appears while using Help.
- The SBBOD appears when quitting an application.
Resolving SBBOD problems in Web browsers:
- The SBBOD and a 'slow script' alert appear while loading a Web page.
- The SBBOD spins continuously while loading a specific Web page.
- The SBBOD appears briefly, but frequently in your Web browser.

The SBBOD defined

Apple® defines the spinning wait cursor in two documents. The first definition is in the 'User Experience Guidelines' chapter of the Apple Human Interface Guidelines:

'The spinning wait cursor is displayed automatically by the window server when an application cannot handle all of the events it receives. If an application does not respond for about 2 to 4 seconds, the spinning wait cursor appears.'

Here, window server is the background process WindowServer, whose primary task is running the Mac OS X windowing system, i.e. its graphical user interface (GUI).

The second definition is in the AppleCare® Knowledge Base document 'Mac 101: Mac Essentials':

'Sometimes when your Mac is hard at work, your pointer may temporarily turn into a colorful spinning disc, which generally indicates that a task is in progress.'

While the Apple Style Guide (PDF) specifies that the SBBOD is officially named the spinning wait cursor, most AppleCare Knowledge Base articles about the SBBOD call it the spinning disc pointer.

Paraphrasing these definitions, the spinning wait cursor informs you that your Mac is busy with a task, usually in the current application, and it will disappear when that task is finished.

Occasional appearances of the beach ball can be expected. Depending on your Mac's current workload, even common tasks may temporarily overtax your Mac's resources, such as its CPU or available RAM. For example, opening complex applications, video encoding, or syncing large files with iTunes® may result in a brief appearance of the SBBOD, especially if other applications are also busy. Nevertheless, the SBBOD can indicate that an application or a system process is frozen, hung, or grossly inefficient.

Troubleshooting SBBOD problems

SBBOD problems originate in issues with hardware, software, or both. Activity Monitor, located in the Macintosh HD > Applications > Utilities folder, is useful in troubleshooting SBBOD problems.

The first step in dealing with any SBBOD problem is patience: wait a few minutes to see if the issue resolves itself as your Mac balances resource availability against the demands of the tasks it is processing.

Resolving common SBBOD problems

The SBBOD appears frequently during your work

Symptom:

The SBBOD frequently interrupts your work with CPU-intensive applications, such as multimedia editing software.

Cause

Solution

Insufficient CPU, RAM, or free disk space for your type of work.

1.	Use Activity Monitor to check for adequate CPU, RAM, or free disk space. See our 'Troubleshooting with Activity Monitor' FAQ for details.
2.	If you cannot resolve the problem by adding RAM, freeing startup disk space, or buying a new Mac with a more powerful CPU, then run fewer applications concurrently. In particular, quit unnecessary applications when not in use and open fewer applications as Login Items.

The SBBOD appears temporarily, but frequently in most applications

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Symptom:

The SBBOD appears in many applications, even those that are not normally CPU-intensive, such as reading e-mail, listening to music, or browsing the Web. The SBBOD appears temporarily for either a brief or extended period of time.

Cause

Solution

An errant application or background process is monopolizing the CPU. This assumes that your CPU, RAM, and free disk space are adequate.

Use Activity Monitor to find and terminate the errant process.

The SBBOD appears when accessing a hard disk or optical drive

Symptom:

The SBBOD appears when accessing a hard disk drive or optical drive, such as when opening or saving a file. The SBBOD may spin for up to 30 seconds or more. You may hear whirring from one or more of your drives while the SBBOD spins.

Cause

Solution

Hard drive sleep. After a specific period of inactivity, hard disk and optical drives spin down to conserve energy, a state known as Standby mode. Accessing a drive in Standby mode can result in the SBBOD appearing while the drive spins up.

Set Energy Saver preferences from the following table based on the version of Mac OS X you are using:

Mac OS X Version:

In Energy Saver preferences:

Mac OS X 10.6 or later

Deselect Put the hard disk(s) to sleep when possible.

Mac OS X 10.5 or earlier

1.	Set computer sleep (Put the computer to sleep when it is inactive for) to Never.
2.	Deselect Put the hard disk(s) to sleep when possible.

If you are experiencing this problem with applications that are reading or writing scratch or temporary files to non-startup (secondary) drives, configure the application's preferences to write these files to your startup disk. Combined with the settings in step 1, this should minimize or eliminate the occurrence of SBBODs with these applications.

The SBBOD appears continuously in one application

Symptom:

The SBBOD spins continuously in a specific application. Activity Monitor and the application's Dock icon indicate that the application is Not Responding. Other applications are responding nominally.

Cause

Solution

The application is frozen or hung.

1.	Wait a few minutes to see if the application either becomes responsive or crashes. If the application crashes, examine it's crash log for clues. For details on using crash logs in troubleshooting, see the 'Console and Crash Logs' chapter of Troubleshooting Mac OS X.
2.	If the application fails to respond, do one of the following: Force the application to quit. Terminate the application in Activity Monitor.
3.	If this problem recurs, use Activity Monitor to save a sample of the application while it is hung. Send the sample to the developer or include it as part of filing a bug report for the application.

The SBBOD appears continuously in all applications

Symptom:

The SBBOD appears constantly in all applications. Your Mac is unresponsive.

Cause

Solution

Your Mac is frozen or hung. This may be due to a hung system process or a potential hardware problem.

1.	Attempt to restart or shut down your Mac: If you are unable to do this by choosing either Restart and Shut Down in the Apple () menu, try the keyboard shortcuts for restart or shut down. If all else fails, press and hold the power button on your Mac until your computer turns off.
2.	Restart your Mac, preferably in Safe Mode.
3.	If you shut down your Mac via the power button, it is recommended that you check for disk, permission, or cache corruption.
4.	Check Console for clues to the cause of the system hang by examining the console and system logs.
5.	If the problem persists, run the Apple Hardware Test to rule out hardware-related problems with your Mac. See also the 'Freezes and Hangs' chapter of Troubleshooting Mac OS X .

The SBBOD appears while using Help

Symptom:

When accessing or searching Help for a Mac OS X application, the SBBOD appears in Help Viewer.

Cause

Solution

Problem with Internet connection or Help Viewer.

Help Viewer checks for new or revised content on Apple's Help servers using your Internet connection. If you have used Help infrequently or have a slow Internet connection, the SBBOD may appear. Note that this problem was more common in early versions of Mac OS X.

Try the following:

Perform the action in the following table corresponding to your version of Mac OS X:

Mac OS X Version:

Then:

10.4 or later

Try the following:

Troubleshoot your Intenet connection.
Try Network Diagnostics.

10.2 or earlier

See the AppleCare Knowledge Base document 'Mac OS X 10.2: Mac Help Is Slow, Displays Spinning Disc Pointer.'

Troubleshoot Help Viewer.

The SBBOD appears when quitting an application

Symptom:

After quitting an application, it remains open for several minutes, during which the SBBOD appears.

Cause

Solution

Anti-piracy license verification. A third-party application may 'phone home' via the Internet to validate your license to use that software. If you enabled the Mac OS X Firewall, certain settings may prohibit this process, resulting in the SBBOD appearing for a few minutes until the application abandons the attempt to 'phone home.' Note that this issue was more common with early Mac OS X-compatible versions of Microsoft® applications.

Try the following:

Wait for the application to abandon its 'phone home' attempt.
Disable the Firewall before quitting the application in question, then enable the firewall after the application quits.
Install Little Snitch 2 to monitor outbound network traffic and to determine if a given application is behaving as described.
Review the End User License Agreement (EULA) of any application behaving as described for information about automatic license verification via the Internet.
Contact the developer for further assistance. If license verification is being performed, determine which TCP and UDP ports should be enabled in the firewall to avoid this problem.

Resolving SBBOD problems in Web browsers

The SBBOD and a 'slow script' alert appear while loading a Web page

Symptom:

The SBBOD appears and spins continuously in your Web browser while loading a Web page. After a time, an alert window opens stating that a script is slowing the browser; the alert window contains buttons labeled Stop and Continue.

Cause

Solution

•	The Web page contains a vast amount of data, the loading of which has exceeded the browser's built-in timeout interval.
•	The Web page contains an inefficient or incompatible client-side script, such as a JavaScript.

1.	In the slow script alert window, click Stop. The page should stop loading, but it may render incorrectly.
2.	If step 1 fails, force the browser to quit.
3.	Report the problem to the site's Web master, including the full URL of the page in question and specifying both the browser you were using and its version. To determine the version of your Web browser, choose About browser_name from the browser's application menu; the resulting window will include information about the version of your Web browser.

The SBBOD spins continuously while loading a specific Web page

Symptom:

While loading a specific Web page, the SBBOD appears and spins continuously. The 'slow script' alert cited in the previous problem does not appear.

Cause

Solution

•	Internet plug-in problem. A plug-in is incompatible with the content it is attempting to display, the plug-in is out-of-date, or there is a problem with the content itself. This type of problem is less likely with the latest browsers, such as Safari® 4 and later, that run plug-ins separately from the browser.
•	Ad-blocking. This is a built-in feature of some browsers, e.g. OmniWeb®, or an add-on for others, e.g. Firefox®.

1.	Force the browser to quit.
2.	Verify that your Internet plug-ins are current: try the Mozilla Plug-In Check.
3.	If ad blocking is enabled: for the URL in question, set the browser's site preferences to disable ad blocking for that Web site. Consult the browser Help or the Help for your add-blocking add-on for details.

The SBBOD appears briefly, but frequently in your Web browser

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Symptom:

Your Web browser has been open for a considerable period of time. You have opened numerous web pages and many may still be open. The SBBOD appears briefly, but frequently when performing actions in the browser, such as loading new pages, finding text (Command-F), or typing in input fields.

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Cause

Solution

This is a common problem with Web browsers after extended use. It may be related to issues with managing the browser cache or history. Browser responsiveness tends to decrease with time the longer a browser is open, the more Web pages that have been loaded, and the more Web pages that are open concurrently.

Clear the browser cache. The following table describes the procedure for Firefox, OmniWeb, and Safari; for other browsers, consult the browser's Help.

Browser:

To clear the browser cache:

Firefox

Do one of the following:

Press Command-Shift-Delete.
Choose Tools > Clear Recent History…

The Clear Recent History window opens.

Make the appropriate selections.

Click Clear Now.

OmniWeb

Do one of the following:

Press the Command-Option-U keyboard shortcut.
Choose OmniWeb > Flush Cash.

Safari

Do one of the following:

Press the Command-Option-E keyboard shortcut.
Choose Safari > Empty Cache…

A confirmation dialog opens.

Click Empty.

If the problem persists, quit (Command-Q) and reopen the browser. The browser should perform nominally.

Consider making the following changes to the browser's preferences, if extant:

Increase the disk cache space for previously-visited Web pages. This will permit more Web pages to be cached, reducing the need to reload Web pages if the assigned cache is exhausted.
Decrease the retention period for history entries. This will minimize browser effort in managing a large history file.

In OmniWeb, these options are in its History preferences. For other browsers, consult their Help.